Driving in Turkey: Tips and requirements

Cappadocia, the Turquoise Coast, the Turkish Silk Road… Yes, discovering Turkey is something everyone should do at least once in a lifetime. Can you imagine driving across this vast and diverse country? From exploring its two capitals (the European and the Asian ones) to hidden gems away from mass tourism, driving in Turkey will allow you to experience the true essence of the country. Don’t hesitate any longer and start planning the trip you’ve always dreamed of. We’ll help you organize your four-wheeled adventure through Turkey.

Driving in Turkey as a foreigner offers a great opportunity to explore the country beyond its famous tourist destinations. Moreover, the road network is constantly being modernized, with top-notch highways connecting the major cities, but also rural roads where driving can become a bit more challenging.

Reading this guide will help you avoid any inconveniences on the road. We’ll tell you everything you need to know to drive in Turkey smoothly: Which licenses are valid, what documentation is required, how tolls work, what traffic rules you must follow, and what car rental options are available. You’ll also find practical tips, estimated prices, and answers to the most common questions.

Ready to hit the road? Then keep reading. Driving in Turkey can be one of the best ways to explore the country at your own pace.

Valid Driving Licenses in Turkey

Let’s start with the basics: Driving license for tourists or temporary travellers in Turkey. It’s essential that you have a valid license issued in your home country. However, not all licenses are accepted without additional requirements, and in some cases, it is recommended to carry an additional permit. In any case, check with the Turkish Embassy in your country.

Turkey allows you to drive with a foreign license for a maximum of 6 months from your entry date into the country. After this period, you’ll need a Turkish driving license if you want to continue driving legally.

Which Countries Can Drive in Turkey with a National License?

If your license was issued in a country that uses the Latin alphabet, such as Mexico, Argentina, Spain, Chile, Colombia, the United States, or most European countries, you can drive in Turkey during your stay without needing to exchange it. However, it must be valid at the time of entry, and it must be accompanied by your passport, written in Latin characters, and with a photograph.

Although it is not mandatory, it is recommended to also carry the International Driving Permit, as some traffic officers may ask for it during controls or specific situations.

Is an International Driving Permit required?

It’s not a legal requirement for everyone, but it’s highly recommended, especially if your license is written in a language other than English or Turkish, if it doesn’t include a photograph or clear information, or if you plan to drive outside major tourist cities.

Keep in mind that the International Driving Permit is issued in your home country and does not replace your national license. Always carry both documents together to avoid issues with Turkish traffic officers.

What If I Stay for More Than Six Months?

If your trip to Turkey extends beyond six months and you want to continue driving, you will need to apply for a Turkish license. Before doing so, check if your country has any exchange agreements that allow you to complete the process without taking an exam.

For travellers from countries like Mexico, Argentina, or Colombia, this exchange is not available. Therefore, if you exceed the permitted time, you will need to complete the local process to obtain a license, which includes a course and practical exam.

Requirements and Documentation for Driving in Turkey

Driving in Turkey not only requires a valid license. There are a series of conditions that both you, as the driver, and the vehicle must meet to drive legally and safely through the country, from the minimum required age to having insurance. Here’s everything you need to know before getting behind the wheel.

Minimum Age for Driving and Renting a Car

The minimum age to drive a private vehicle in Turkey is 18 years old. However, if you plan to rent a car, agencies usually have their own conditions:

• Most require at least 21 years old and one year of driving experience.
• Some categories of vehicles (such as SUVs or luxury cars) may require you to be 25 or older. If you’re under 25, you may face an additional charge for a young driver of €5-10 ($5-11) per day.

Mandatory Civil Liability Insurance

Every vehicle in circulation must have civil liability insurance (Trafik Sigortası). This insurance covers third-party damage and is mandatory for both private and rented cars. If you rent a vehicle, this insurance is already included in the base price. A tip: Check what is included in the basic coverage, as sometimes the deductible for damages can be high unless you purchase extended insurance.

Technical Vehicle Inspection (ITV)

Cars registered in Turkey must undergo periodic technical inspections. If you use a private vehicle, either borrowed or yours, make sure it has a valid inspection.
Rental agencies handle this requirement for hired cars.

Mandatory documentation

Whenever you drive in Turkey, carry the following documents with you:

• Valid passport or ID card.
• National driving license (and international permit, if applicable).
• Car rental contract (if applicable).
• Proof of mandatory car insurance.

Be careful, as the police may request these documents during routine checks. Not carrying any of them could result in fines or even the immobilization of your vehicle.

Rules for Disabled Drivers

Turkey recognizes parking permits for disabled persons issued abroad. If you have specific needs, we recommend consulting with the rental agency to request an adapted vehicle or additional facilities.

Staying Connected on Turkish Roads

When you travel to Turkey, having an internet connection should be a priority. As a driver, you’ll need to use GPS or apps like Waze, or check road conditions before getting in the car. To avoid relying on public Wi-Fi networks, Holafly’s monthly plans will let you enjoy your journey across the country without limitations and at a very affordable price.

If you’re staying for just a few days, the Holafly eSim for Turkey is your best option, as it offers unlimited data for the days you need, without roaming charges.

Important: If you are a frequent traveler and want to stay connected without worrying about expensive roaming or looking for a new SIM at every destination, Holafly’s subscription plans are for you. With a single eSIM, enjoy internet in more than 170 countries for a fixed price and no surprises on your bill. Travel without limits and connect easily and securely! 🚀🌍

Traffic Rules and Signage in Turkey

As a driver, knowing the basic traffic rules in Turkey is key to avoiding surprises and bad experiences. Although many rules align with the rest of Europe, the driving style can be more aggressive, especially in large cities. Below, we explain everything you need to know.

Driving Direction and General Rules

In Turkey, you drive on the right and overtake on the left, just like most Western countries. In urban areas, traffic can be intense and somewhat chaotic, with unexpected manoeuvres, cars parked in double rows, or motorcycles weaving between lanes.

Although the rules are clear, not all drivers strictly adhere to them. Therefore, it is essential to drive attentively, maintain a safe distance, and anticipate potential sudden manoeuvres.

Speed Limits

Speed limits vary depending on the type of road and vehicle. The standard values for private cars are:

• In the city: 50 km/h.
• On secondary roads: 90 km/h.
• On highways: 120 km/h.

Fines for speeding can range from 1,500 TRY (€45, $52) to more than 4,000 TRY (€120, $139) if you exceed the limit by 30% or more.

Mobile Use, Seatbelts, and Other Requirements

Other requirements you should consider while driving in Turkey are as follows:

• It is prohibited to drive while using a mobile phone, unless you have a hands-free system.
• Seatbelt use is mandatory for all vehicle occupants.
• On long trips, it is recommended to carry an emergency kit with a triangle, reflective vest, spare tyre, and flashlight.

Bear in mind that many highways have automatic radars and frequent controls. Therefore, always drive within the limits to avoid penalties.

Signage in Turkey

Traffic signs are written in Turkish, but don’t worry, as they use international symbols that are easy to interpret. However, here are some useful key words:

• Dur: stop.
• Yavaş: slow.
• Giriş yasak: no entry.
• Tehlike: danger.
• Radar: radar-controlled area. 

In rural or remote areas, signage can be sparse or poorly visible, especially at night. Pay extra attention when driving there.

Common Fines and Infractions

Here are some of the most common infractions among tourists:

• Parking in prohibited areas.
• Not respecting traffic lights or pedestrian crossings.
• Using the phone without a hands-free system.
• Not wearing a seatbelt.
• Speeding.

In general, fines are paid on the spot or later through the rental agency. Some may be notified via SMS if the car is registered in the name of a resident.

Tolls and Fuel Charging

If you’re planning to travel long distances in Turkey, you’ll likely encounter toll highways. The system is very different from those in Latin America or some European countries, so it’s worth understanding how it works before hitting the road. We’ll also explain the types of fuel available, how much they cost, and how to pay at gas stations.

How Do Tolls Work in Turkey?

Turkey uses a completely electronic system for toll collection. There are no booths for cash or card payments. As you pass through the toll points, the vehicle’s passage is automatically recorded through a system called:

• HGS (Hızlı Geçiş Sistemi): the most common. It’s an electronic tag placed on the windshield.
• OGS (Otomatik Geçiş Sistemi): an older system, used less frequently.

If you rent a car, it will most likely already have the HGS incorporated. The amount you accumulate during your trip will be deducted directly from the deposit or charged at the end of the rental contract.

How Much Do Tolls Cost?

The price depends on the section and the vehicle category. Here are some estimated rates for private cars (March 2025):

• Short sections: from 20 TRY (€0.60, $0.70).
• Long trips (like Istanbul – Ankara): up to 140 TRY (€4, $5).
• Bosphorus Bridge (Istanbul): around 30 TRY (€0.85, $0.98).

A tip is to avoid entering a highway without an HGS. Driving without a tag can result in an automatic fine.

Fuel in Turkey

In Turkey, fuel stations are well-distributed, even in rural areas. The service is typically attended, although some stations allow self-service. They accept debit and credit cards, but in more remote areas, it’s useful to carry some cash.

Types of Fuel Available

• Petrol (Benzin): unleaded, available in 95 and 97 octane versions. Price per litre (March 2025): 42.50 TRY (€1.20, $1.39).
• Diesel (Mazot): very common in rental vehicles. Price per litre (March 2025): 42.50 TRY (€1.15, $1.33).
• LPG (Gas): used only in adapted cars, becoming more common. Price per litre (March 2025): 42.50 TRY (€0.60, $0.70).

Make sure to check the fuel cap or rental contract to see what fuel your vehicle requires. Using the wrong type can damage the engine and is not covered by insurance. Also, fill the tank before leaving the major cities. Keep in mind that in mountainous or less touristy areas, stations may be scarce or closed at night.

Parking in Turkey

Parking in Turkey may seem easy at first, but in large cities like Istanbul or Izmir, it can become quite a challenge. Narrow streets, areas with time restrictions, and poor signage make it worth understanding how the system works before leaving your car.

Where Can I Park?

Public street parking is regulated by colours and signage. The areas are mainly identified by:

• White lines: free parking or limited time parking.
• Blue lines: paid parking areas, controlled by the municipality or a concessionaire.
• Yellow lines or double lines: no parking allowed.

In some touristy areas, there are sectors where only residents can park during certain hours. These restrictions are usually indicated on signs in Turkish, so it’s helpful to use your phone’s translator if you don’t understand them.

How Do You Pay and How Much Does Parking Cost?

There are three main ways to pay:

1. Parkomat (parking meter): These are machines located on the sidewalks that accept coins or cards.
2. Mobile apps: Such as iTaksi or ISPARK, available in major cities.
3. Street agents: In some areas, an operator will charge you directly at the moment and leave a receipt on the windshield.

Tip: If you use an app or pay in cash, always keep the payment receipt visible inside the vehicle.

The rates vary depending on the city, area, and duration of stay:

• On public streets (blue zones): Between 10 and 30 TRY (€0.20–0.61, $0.24–0.71) per hour.
• Private parking lots (Otopark): Between 50 and 150 TRY (€1.02–3.04, $1.19–3.56) per day.

In historic centers or very touristy areas, rates may be higher, especially during peak season or at rush hours.

What Happens if I Park Illegally?

In Turkey, municipal tow trucks act quickly. If you leave your car in an improper spot, you may receive a fine starting from 500 TRY (€14, $16). In addition, they may immobilize your vehicle or even tow it to a municipal impound with additional costs. To recover your car, you’ll need to pay the fine plus the cost of towing and storage.

If you’re unsure whether you can park somewhere, it’s best to look for an Otopark. They are safer and will save you from headaches.

Options for Renting a Car in Turkey

Renting a car in Turkey is one of the best ways to explore the country at your own pace. You’ll have full freedom to explore everything from the valleys of Cappadocia to the beaches of the Aegean, without depending on public transport schedules or fixed routes. Plus, there are options for all budgets and types of travel.

Where Can You Rent a Car?

You’ll find rental agencies at international airports, such as those in Istanbul, Ankara, Antalya, or Izmir, and in the central areas of major tourist cities. You can also find them at bus and train terminals, especially in cities connected by long-distance routes; and on online platforms like Rentalcars, DiscoverCars, or directly from the websites of well-known companies.

Keep in mind that renting at the airport can be slightly more expensive, but you gain convenience and vehicle availability.

Major Rental Companies

• International: Hertz, Sixt, Europcar, Avis, Budget.
• Local: Circular, Garenta, Euronet, Avec. They tend to have lower prices, but make sure to carefully check the contract terms: mileage limits, fuel policy, and insurance deductibles.
• Low-cost: more affordable options, but with a limited fleet and stricter policies.

Types of Vehicles Available

• Compact or economy cars: perfect for city or short trips.
• SUVs or 4x4s: Ideal for mountainous regions or if you have a lot of luggage.
• Automatic cars: Becoming increasingly popular, although less common than manual ones.
• Diesel vehicles: More convenient for long trips due to fuel savings.
• Electric or hybrid cars: On the rise, but availability is limited outside Istanbul or Ankara.

Estimated Rental Prices (March 2025)

• Per day: From 750 TRY (€21, $24) for a compact car.
• Per week: From 5,000 TRY (€145, $168).
• Per month: From 18,000 TRY (€520, $602).

Prices include mandatory basic insurance. If you want full coverage or extended assistance, you’ll need to pay an additional fee.

Extra tip: Always inspect the vehicle before taking it. Take pictures of any scratches, tire condition, and fuel level. This will help you avoid misunderstandings when returning the car.

Tips for Driving in Turkey as a Foreigner

Driving in a foreign country always requires some adaptation, and Turkey is no exception. The highways are in excellent condition, but traffic in the cities can be intense, and in rural areas, you might encounter poorly signposted roads. These tips will help you drive safely and enjoy your experience to the fullest.

• Drive with patience, especially in urban areas: Traffic in cities like Istanbul or Ankara can be chaotic, especially during rush hours. Many drivers ignore signs, overtake anywhere and change lanes without warning.
  Therefore, stay calm, leave space and avoid reacting to reckless moves.
• Plan your routes in advance: Use apps like Google Maps or Waze to avoid traffic jams, detect ongoing construction, and estimate travel times. You can also download offline maps if you’re going to areas with poor signal.
• Avoid driving at night in rural areas: In remote or less travelled routes, lighting is often scarce, signage is poor, and there may be stray animals or unexpected potholes. If possible, try to complete your trips during daylight hours.
• Always keep your documents on hand: In Turkey, random police checks are common, even in tourist areas. Always keep your passport, driving licence, international permit if needed, rental contract and insurance proof close at hand.
  Use official car parks: Avoid leaving the car in unclear or poorly marked areas. Municipal tow trucks are fast, and it’s not uncommon for vehicles to be towed in less than 15 minutes. It’s best to look for an Otopark or an authorised parking meter.
• Fill up with fuel in advance: In big cities, stations are every few kilometres, but on secondary roads or long trips, you may not see one for many kilometres. Fill up before leaving, and check if they accept international cards.

Driving in Turkey as a Foreigner: Frequently Asked Questions

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